Famous Freemasons - Sir Malcolm and Sir Donald Campbell

THE CAMPBELLS - KNIGHTS OF SPEED

Sir Malcolm Campbell and his son Donald will forever be venerated as world famous speed record holders. They shared those characteristics manifest in all men of greatness, a sense of courage and perseverance. They followed each other in the success of their respective careers and were both active Freemasons.

Malcolm Campbell was born at Chislehurst, Kent on 1 1 March 1885 to William Campbell and Hazel Castley, a meek mother and an authoritarian and strict father. His ancestry can be traced back many generations to a Scottish Highland family of 1ong-standing military traditions in Argyll, which may well have influenced his exceptional personality and resolute character.

From a young age Malcolm became fascinated by engines and the railway and more especially the underlying forces that drove the machinery. His schooling was not of particular note except for sport and the later connection to Freemasonry.
At the age of eleven, at Guildford Preparatory School, he read King Solomon's Mines by Rider Haggard. It installed in him that sense of adventure that allows the imagination of a youngster to go wild and the book affected him for life. In 1898, at 13, he was sent to the distinguished ancient Uppingham School in Rutland and in 1924 he was to be initiated in his old school Lodge.

Malcolm never lost his great enthusiasm for racing and his fascination with speed. ln 1910, between the period of his employment by Lloyd's of London and his service in the Royal Air Force, he entered and won his first automobile race at the Brooklands circuit. He was never to look back.

His name and career were to be closely associated with Brooklands through his life. He continued and set many motorcycle and car speed records as well as in motorboats. He received his knighthood in 1931 for his distinguished achievements. Malcolm Campbell was undoubtedly the most successful racing driver of his time, dubbed 'the speed king'.

In the middle of his extraordinary career as a racing driver, on 15 October 1924 he become a Freemason and was Passed and Raised in the following three months. There has been some confusion with regard to his initiation because registration records held at Grand Lodge Show Malcolm Campbell's name written below that of George Noel Buckton.

George Buckton was initiated in Lodge Kumaon  No. 1870, District of Bengal, India. He joined Old Uppinghamian Lodge No. 4227 on the same date  that Campbell was initiated, and the two Brethren were then Passed and Raised together on 9 December 1924 and 14 january 1925 respectively.

The entry for Malcolm Campbell states 'do' below Buckton's initiation date. This has led to the erroneous presumption that Malcolm Campbell was a joining member of the 'closed' Old Uppinghamian Lodge in 1924. The school Lodge still today draws its membership solely from Old Boys and their children and Masters at the School.

In February 1928, Malcolm and his wife Dorothy sailed for Daytona Beach in Florida,arriving there on the 12th and breaking a new speed record the same day! It was the first of several visits with the famed 'Bluebird'. He was to return to Daytona annually in the early 1930s, each time achieving a new and faster record.
There have been persistent reports of his joining various Masonic bodies in the United States during these periods, most persistently his supposed membership of the Zangi Grotto in Daytona Beach. The Grottoes of North America is a Masonically affiliated fraternal body founded by Leroy Fairchild in September 1889. Membership is restricted to Master Masons and it claims to be 'primarily an organization for good wholesome fun and frolics. There is no trace of Malcolm Campbell's membership of the Grotto. In fact, there is no record in any of the various Masonic bodies, including the Grand Lodge of Florida, which would indicate any kind of Masonic activity by Malcolm Campbell in the US.
He was, for a while, very active as a Freemason. His second wife Dorothy, Lady Campbell I remembered that he was keen and eager when he was initiated into his old school Lodge. For several years he attended the meetings and felt that there was no institution to rival Freemasonry. He told Dorothy 'Freemasonry is all the religion I need - if I can only live to the ideals of the Craft, I would want nothing more; Yet quite suddenly he completely lost interest and resigned from the Lodge on 10 January 1934.
The Lodge records only show two other entries relevant to Malcolm Campbell. On his being knighted on 1931, a letter of congratulations was forwarded to him by the Lodge and recorded in the minutes. Similarly, on his resignation, a note in the minutes shows that he was approached with a view to his changing his mind. He did not do so.

In 1929, when Campbell was still a member of the Lodge, a special presentation of a Masonic Gate was made to the school. It coincided with two important events at the time. The completion of the memorial building to the victims of the First World War as well as the School Lodges Festival held at the school in that year. There is only sparse information about the gates, which still stand proud at one of the two entrances to the school. The Lodge minutes do not mention the gates at all and the school records show a William Ellis, an old boy and a Governor of the school, who was involved in the reconstruction of the area around the gates and their installation on the site in 1929. There is little else, except for the pride that the school has in the very beautiful and prominent gateway to the grounds.

In 1935, Sir Malcolm was the first to reach the 300 miles per hour mark in his celebrated Bluebird at Bonneville Flats, Utah. From here he chose to move to speedboat racing, and in 1939 set a new world record of 141 miles per hour. Sir Malcolm Campbell died after a long illness in 1949. His very special 'speed' legacy was taken up by his son Donald, who continued in his father's tradition, soon to become world famous in his own right.
Rather surprisingly the Masonic membership of Donald Campbell only came to light relatively recently, when the Library and Museum of Freemasonry in London were presented with his Masonic apron and case in April 1993. Most of the records that show Malcolm Campbell to have been active in the Craft fail to mention his son Donald as a Freemason.

Donald Malcolm Campbell was born at Kingston, Surrey on 23 March 1921. He had a hard act to follow. His father was a true British hero adored by the nation. The relationship between father and son was never a happy one and certainly complicated by the fact that Sir Malcolm, overwhelmed by his own career and consuming ambition, found little time for his son who, in turn, idolised his dad.

The tense relationship is manifest in an incident now well recorded. For his seventh birthday, Donald received a toy motorcar with a small and complete tool kit as a gift by his dad. Within hours he had dismantled the toy car into small pieces, with nuts and bolts dispersed in the house and garden. Malcolm Campbell was not amused. On the contrary, surprisingly angry and unsympathetic, he did not speak to his son for several days until the toy car had been re-assembled back into its original state.

Donald was brought up, with his sister jean, by a nursery governess and was soon sent to Horsham Preparatory School,
seeing little of his father during his youth. Nonetheless, he admired and respected him and was to emulate his famous father with great pride and success.

He began in reverse, so to speak, and took on speedboat racing first. It was almost natural to attempt his first record in the seat of his father's well-tested boat, the Bluebird K4, which he purchased from his father's estate. However, his early efforts were frustrated
.
In 1951, he crashed on Coniston Water in the Lake District, at a speed of 170 mph, and notwithstanding numerous other failures, he persisted and his perseverance paid off. In 1955, on Ullswater, and in his own newly designed Bluebird K7 boat, he set his first 202 mph world speed record on water.
Between July 1955 and December 1964 Donald Campbell was to set world water speed records on seven different occasions, reaching 276.33 mph. He was honoured with the CBE for his achievements.

In between these various failed  attempts and record breaking feats, Dona1d became a Freemason. He was initiated on 16 February 1953 into the prestigious Grand Masters Lodge No. 1, having been introduced and proposed by the then Master, Robert james Coley, a wealthy scrap metal dealer and  benefactor.

By a good stroke of luck the junior Deacon at the ceremony of Donald's initiation is alive and well. I had the pleasure of speaking with Sir Kenneth Newton, Past President of the Board of General Purposes, and the most senior Past Master of the Lodge, having himself been initiated on 17 December 1945.

He well remembers Donald Campbell's initiation. 'An excellent candidate' recounts Sir Kenneth. 'Donald was undoubtedly a little nervous and I could feel a light tremble in his arm as I led him round the Lodge room. He was, however, an excellent Mason, attended regularly and acted as a gentleman in every way' concludes Sir Kenneth. Donald was Passed and Raised in April and May of the same year. His enthusiasm for the Craft is reflected in his exaltation into the Grand Master's Chapter No. 1 on 6 july 1954. Donald, like his father, never took office in Lodge. He appears to have enjoyed the fraternity, and his attendance at Lodge, and was also present at the bicentennial celebrations of the Grand Master's Lodge No 1 at the Mansion House in 1957.

Following his successful water speed record in November 1955 on Lake Mead in Nevada, Donald decided to emulate his father's success and attempt the world land speed record. He began to build the new Bluebird with a view to achieving 400 mph, and on 17 july 1964 the astonishing speed of 403.10mph was set at the dry Lake Eyre in South Australia - a new world record.
Within six months, in December 1964, he broke the world water speed record, reaching 276.3mph on Lake Dumbleyung in Australia. Donald Campbell remains the only person in history to have held both water and land speed records in the same year.

On 4 january 1967, on Coniston Water in Cumbria, where he had crashed his first boat in 1951, Donald Campbell was to meet his death. ln redesigning the Bluebird K7 in order to achieve a speed in excess of 300 mph, Donald and his engineers may have overestimated the physical capacity of the boat. The disaster occurred at over 300 mph and Donald was killed, effectively attempting to break his own world record.
His remains and the wreck of Bluebird K7 were not recovered until 2001. A service of Remembrance and burial took place at St. Andrew's Church, Coniston Village, on 12 September
2001 .

The Campbells will forever remain great British heroes. As befits the quality of character of any man of consequence, they too will have embraced aspects of Freemasonry enhancing the spirit of their many achievements.

Credits and bibliography
Aspell, Timothy: Secretary, Old Uppinghamian Lodge No. 4227
Bettles, Fiona; Marketing Manager, Uppingham School
Cambbell, Lady Dorothy Malcolm Campbell: The Man as l Knew Him, London, 1951
Encyclopaedia Britannica; Campbell Sir Malcolm, 2005
Fairclough, Ian: Secretary, Grand Master's Lodge No. 1
Simmons, Clayton E: Deputy District Grand Master, District 16, Grand Lodge of Florida
Villa, Leo & Gray, Tony: The Record Breakers - Sir Malcolm and Donald Campbell Land and Water Speed Kings of the 20th Century, London, 1969
Wilson, Gordon: Scribe E, Grand Master's Chapter No. 1
SOURCE: MQ Magazine


A CAMPBELL WORLD RECORD HOLDER IS CONNECTED TO  NZ - GINA CAMPBELL QSO

17 years after her father was killed on Coniston Water trying to break his own world water speed record, Gina Campbell found herself in hauntingly similar circumstances - but unlike Donald, fate let her live.

A plucky 5ft 3ins blue-eyed blonde, Gina is astute and tenacious, with an overriding, some might say "genetic" addiction to speed, as evidenced by her own additions to the family's record—breaking heritage. The Campbells always lived life in the fast lane and Gina is no exception.

Gina did not have what one would consider a conventional upbringing. Born on the 19th September 1949, her parents divorced when Gina was only a few months old, and, due to her father's rather turbulent lifestyle, mother was given full custody of the child. However, very soon, Gina's mother fell in love with a man whose career with the Foreign Office would take him abroad - no place for a child, and so Gina was placed in a boarding-home-school for infants.

  Years later, when she was 5yrs old Donald remarried a stunning New Zealand singer/actress called Dorothy. As soon as she found out where Gina was, Dorothy promptly rescued the girl and took her home, reuniting her with her father. Gina rapidly grew to love Dorothy and thought of her as her own true mother, and to this day, they still maintain an extremely affectionate and close relationship.

Whilst she was growing up, Gina accompanied her father on numerous record attempts, but to a little girl, who knew no different, it seemed a normal lifestyle.

On Christmas Eve, 1959, Gina met the first true love of her life, when she was presented with her very first pony, Columbine, and this love was to play a part in her later life.

On leaving school, Gina's only ambition was to be with horses, She studied and qualified as a British Horse Society Assistant Instructress, She also attended secretarial college and worked for British Eagle Airlines.

In 1966, Gina was working for a friend of her father, a hotelier by the name of Norman Buckley who owned the Low Wood Hotel at Windermere. Norman was one of the timekeepers on many of Donald's attempts at Coniston. She then left England to work in a hotel in Arosa, Switzerland, and it was here that she heard the sad news of her father's death.

Gina returned to England for the memorial service at St. Martins in the Field. Her grief was so intense that on returning to Switzerland, to ease her pain, she engaged herself in pursuing a pastime that she had shared with her father, skiing.
On returning to England to be with family and friends, Gina immersed herself in work, managing a farm with stables and horses. During this time she met a local show-jumper by the name of Clifford Percy, who she married in 1968. Through her love of horses, and riding skills she established a career as an accomplished show-jumper, winning many rosettes and trophies, and represented Britain in many overseas events. Unfortunately, things did not work out between Gina and Clifford, resulting in their divorcing in early 1979.

Gina next married Phillip Villa, Leo's nephew, in July of that year. Not only did Gina no longer take part in show jumping, but she also missed the business part of the relationship with "Cliffy". Gina became the dutiful wife, waiting at home with freshly laundered shirts and a hot meal on the table. Phillip worked abroad for several months at a time, and Gina, home alone, soon became bored. In time, a relationship developed with a friend of Phillip's who was always on hand to service the car. Gina eventually moved out of Phillip's life and in with Mike. Neither  he, nor Gina, had much money, and as Gina does not believe the "world owes her a living", she took a job as a sales representative selling tablecloths and napkins to Hotels in the Southeast to make ends meet.

Once their finances were more settled they bought a sixteen-and-a-half foot ski boat solely for their own pleasure. Seduced by the Campbell passion for speed, drove Gina on to pursue a more adventurous course. Their next purchase, a 25-foot "Phantom" obtained sponsorship from Agfa, and on the 19th March 1984, "Agfa Bluebird" was launched. Media attention had thrown Gina into the spotlight. Gina and Mike went on to prove themselves, and won both the UK Offshore Boating Association Championship, and the Royal Yachting Association National Championships, in their first season (1984).

Later that year Roger jenkins offered Gina just the boat in which to achieve her lst women's World Water Speed record.
The boat, a Hodges catamaran, was also sponsored by Agfa and christened "Agfa Bluebird".
The date was October 1984, and the venue, Holme Pierpoint, Nott's. Gina had set a new Women's World Water Speed Record of 122.85mph. In the flush of success it was decided that Gina should try and beat that record, another run had to be made within 20 minutes to validate it.

The Team removed the air spoiler, and in their enthusiasm, forgot to realign the engine in relation to the boat. Gina set out and all appeared as it should, when, without warning, Agfa Bluebird tried to fly. Gina was aware Bluebird was doing a backward somersault, and in fear she shouted "My God... holy shit...I'm coming up to join you Dad!"

The boat was smashed to pieces but Gina survived. Undaunted, Gina courageously continued with UK Powerboat Racing until 1987, at which time she left these shores and departed for New Zealand, but even here the power-boating ensued. With her many contacts and her love for the New Zealanders, she became part of the only Kiwi Team at the World Powerboat Championships in Key West Florida in 1987.

Some say that New Zealanders are practically born with webbed feet, for they love water and all its sports. They also have the highest death rate per capita by drowning. Gina, at the request of the New Zealand Water Safety Council, was urged to get the safety aspect across, and so with Mr. Whoppit in tow, toured every school in N.Z. talking to the children about the dangers and safety. The kids, not being familiar with the name Gina Campbell, affectionately called her The Lady with Mr. Whoppit. Gina was with the water safety council for 3yrs, from 1987-1990.

Gina's second record of 156.49 mph was set at Lake Karapiro in N.Z. in April 1990, in a Lauder Bacher 3-point hydro, simply named "Bluebird". Two months later on the 16th June, Gina was awarded the Queens Service Order for her services to the N.Z. community.

Returning once more to England, she opened a coffee shop in Lymington, Hampshire, and settled in a house she re-named "Bluebird at Lentune", and which she shared with her parrot "Cream Tea". She sold the business in 1998 and moved further north to Leeds to live in complete bliss with her current partner, a successful businessman who could give Mr. Kipling a run-for-his money.

Gina is not one for resting on her laurels, and is always turning the next corner seeking new challenges. Together with the Bluebird Project Team and the Ruskin Museum, she is currently involved in trying to obtain funding for the restoration of Bluebird K7, whose final resting place is expected to be the Ruskin Museum at Coniston.

What next, I wonder???
© Dawn Sempill
SOURCE: hftp://wwwbluebirdteamracing.net/bluebirdsupportersclub/peo/gc.html
Editors Note: This Land Speed record attempt was dogged by bad luck. Donald Campbell had crashed at 360 mph three years before at the Bonneville salt flats. On rebuilding the car, they searched for a site with a longer run off, and Lake Eyre was chosen. In 1963 a 20 year drought was broken by torrential rain. This deteriorated the very hard salt pan, and a moister than normal year meant very little running. Donald Campbell professed himself disappointed in 403 miles per hour as the car was designed to do 500 mph.
Food For Thought